Light Scatter	CD45/14

DR/CD3	CD34/CD38	CD13/15

CD33/TdT	CD11b/Glyco	CD3/CD7

Other markers performed which were negative; B cells (CD19, CD20, Kappa, Lambda), CD10(Calla), CD5 (T cells), CD41 (platelet)

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Explaination and interpretation of Flow cytometry results
Explaination of other results seen (histology, hematology,etc) and facts about this patient's disease

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• The light scatter revealed that there were intermediate to large sized cells by forward angle light scatter which have low granularity (internal complexity) by 90 degree light scatter (see light scatter). This matches that seen by histology (see histology).

 
• The CD45/14 contour plot reveals that all of the cells within the light scatter gates are CD45 positive and CD14 negative (99%). The intensity of CD45 stain is lower than that expected for mature lymphoid cells and is consistent with a myeloid or immature cell origin (see CD45/14).

 
• The DR/CD3 contour plot reveals that the majority are DR (81%) positive and CD3 (T cell receptor) negative. This rules out activated T cells and mature B (CD45 bright). DR is found on most myeloid cells, B cells, and activated T cells.  (see DR/CD3).
• The CD34/CD38 reveals that the cells are CD34 negative and CD38 positive. CD38 is found on plasma cells, early B cells, monocytes, ALLs, and most AMLs.  Plasma cells are excluded (CD45 negative), Early B cells can not exclude yet, monocytes are excluded (CD14 negative).

 
• The CD13/CD15 contour plot shows that the majority of cells are negative (63%) for the myeloid markers CD13 and CD15.  The is a hint of cell origin since some of the cells (30%) express some low intensity CD15. Most AMLs M1 - M6 express both CD13 and CD15. (see CD13/CD15).

 
• The CD33/TdT confirms the myeloid nature (CD33 positive) of these cells. No TdT is expressed on these cells. These results suggest a very early myeloid cell, possibly AML-M0/M1. (see CD33/TdT).

 
• The CD11b/Glycophorin contour again demonstrates the very early nature of these cells.  Glycophorin A is expressed on these cells in very low intensity.  This is reported to occur in early myeloid stem cells.  CD11b (C3bi receptor) which is found on monocytes, granulocytes, and NK cells as expected was not expressed. (see CD11b/Glyco).

• The  cells also expressed CD7 (T cell antigen).  This at first impression seems wrong, however, early myeloid leukemias are known to express CD7 on occasion.  (see CD3/CD7)

 
• All of these results when taken together suggest that this is an AML mostly likely an M0 or M1. The distinction between M0 and M1 by flow cytometry is difficult at the present time. These results are consistent with those found by histology and the occasional reactivity with MPO suggests AML-M1 as opposed to AML-M0 which is usually negative for MPO.


Explaination of other results seen (histology, hematology,etc) and facts about this patient's disease